Vamos a pasar más hambre: El temor a un default en Venezuela

Vamos a pasar más hambre: El temor a un default en Venezuela

People queue outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
People queue outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA

 

El dinero no le alcanza, tratarse el cáncer de pulmón es imposible por falta de medicinas, la delincuencia en su barrio campea: Luber encarna los males que aquejan a los venezolanos y que podrían agravarse con un default.

Por: Margioni BERMÚDEZ / AFP





En el piso 18 de un precario edificio del centro de Caracas, la mujer de 56 años muestra una nevera en la que solo hay agua. En su casa se olvidaron de comer carne por la desbocada inflación, que el FMI proyecta en más de 2.300% para 2018.

“Nos remediamos con granos y eso cuando uno los puede conseguir. Un kilo lo rendimos para dos o tres días”, cuenta Luber Faneitte a la AFP.

Empleada pública, tiene una incapacidad médica por su enfermedad, debido a lo cual recibe poco menos del ingreso mínimo (de unos 8,7 dólares mensuales al “dólar negro”).

Depende de los alimentos que le vende el gobierno a precios subsidiados una vez al mes, en un plan para paliar el agudo desabastecimiento.

La última bolsa trajo dos kilos de frijoles, uno de arroz, dos litros de aceite, un kilo de leche en polvo y cuatro kilos de harina.

Ya se agotó, pues Luber vive con Betzaida, de 36 años, la segunda de cuatro hijos, y tres nietos. Dependen de su sueldo, que podría reducirse 35% si la declaran en invalidez.

Según Cendas, una ONG que monitorea el costo de vida, en septiembre se requerían seis salarios mínimos para cubrir la canasta básica.

La pobreza de Luber llega al punto de que tuvo que enviar a un hijo discapacitado a vivir con familiares.

Aunque no haya nada de cocinar, mantiene la hornilla encendida para no tener que comprar fósforos. El grifo bota un chorrito día y noche porque está dañado y no tiene plata para repararlo. Tenerlos así le sale más barato en un país donde los servicios básicos son casi regalados.

– Brebajes a falta de medicinas –
 

Luber Faneitte, a 56-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer, tidies the kitchen in her house in the San Agustin shantytown in Caracas on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
Luber Faneitte, a 56-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer, tidies the kitchen in her house in the San Agustin shantytown in Caracas on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA

 
Venezuela está al límite de un default, luego de que el presidente Nicolás Maduro anunciara que buscará “refinanciar y reestructurar” la deuda externa de unos 150.000 millones de dólares.

“No sé si eso (el default) es lo que necesita Venezuela para terminar de abrir los ojos. Lo que sí vamos es a pasar mucha más hambre y necesidad”, asegura Luber.

Aunque no comprende cómo llegó el país a esta situación, padece los rigores.

En enero abandonó la quimioterapia cansada de no hallar medicamentos, escasos en 90% según la Federación Farmacéutica.

Lo hizo tras dos años de debatirse entre comprar comida o medicinas, cuya importación redujo drásticamente el gobierno para servir la deuda.

“Una sola pastilla la venden en 5.000 bolívares y necesito una diaria, no puedo costearla”, lamentó. De hacerlo, tendría que invertir la tercera parte de su ingreso.

Los médicos le explicaron que su cáncer pulmonar solo puede tratarse con quimioterapia, pero en su lugar prepara brebajes caseros.

“Agarro un frasquito y pongo caña blanca (licor), miel y sábila. Lo dejo en el sereno (intemperie) dos días y luego me tomo una cucharadita en la mañana y otra en la noche. Siento que respiro mejor cuando tomo eso”.

Fumadora desde los 15 años, se ahoga al hablar y caminar. Ha sufrido tres paros respiratorios.

Con ironía, recuerda cuando el fallecido presidente Hugo Chávez denunciaba que los pobres comían “perrarina” (alimento para perros): “Yo quiero volver a comer eso”.

– En medio de las balas –

Luber Faneitte, a 56-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer, talks during a interview with AFP at her house in the San Agustin shantytown in Caracas on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
Luber Faneitte, a 56-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer, talks during a interview with AFP at her house in the San Agustin shantytown in Caracas on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA

La mujer se cansó de ir en vano a los hospitales en busca de medicinas y gastarse el poco efectivo, que también escasea.

Un enésimo problema que Maduro intenta resolver con el uso masivo del dinero electrónico, pero en Hornos de Cal, el barrio de Luber, no hay internet porque se robaron el cableado.

La delincuencia allí está desatada como en casi todo el país, donde en 2016 se registraron más de 21.000 homicidios (una tasa de 70,1 por cada 100.000 habitantes).

En el edificio de Luber quedan orificios de bala como evidencia de los tiroteos entre bandas rivales, un peligro constante que la obligó a reubicar las camas de su apartamento para alejarlas de las ventanas.

“Estoy resignada a lo que Dios quiera”, afirma la mujer, caminando sobre unas sandalias viejas. “Tengo años tratando de cambiar mis ‘cholitas’ pero cada día se pone más dura la cosa. Las pego, las remiendo”.

Luber Faneitte, a 56-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer, talks during a interview with AFP at her house in the San Agustin shantytown in Caracas on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
Luber Faneitte, a 56-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer, talks during a interview with AFP at her house in the San Agustin shantytown in Caracas on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
Luber Faneitte, a 56-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer, talks during a interview with AFP at her house in the San Agustin shantytown in Caracas on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
Luber Faneitte, a 56-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer, talks during a interview with AFP at her house in the San Agustin shantytown in Caracas on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
Luber Faneitte, a 56-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer, talks during a interview with AFP at her house in the San Agustin shantytown in Caracas on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
Luber Faneitte, a 56-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer, talks during a interview with AFP at her house in the San Agustin shantytown in Caracas on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
People queue outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
People queue outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
A woman holds two bags of flour after queuing outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
A woman holds two bags of flour after queuing outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
People queue outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
People queue outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
People queue outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
People queue outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
A woman writes numbers on people's arms so they know what order they came in, as they queue outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
A woman writes numbers on people’s arms so they know what order they came in, as they queue outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
A woman writes numbers on people's arms so they know what order they came in, as they queue outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
A woman writes numbers on people’s arms so they know what order they came in, as they queue outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
Luber Faneitte, a 56-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer, talks during a interview with AFP at her house in the San Agustin shantytown in Caracas on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
Luber Faneitte, a 56-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer, talks during a interview with AFP at her house in the San Agustin shantytown in Caracas on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
Luber Faneitte, a 56-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer, looks out the window of her house in the San Agustin shantytown in Caracas on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
Luber Faneitte, a 56-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer, looks out the window of her house in the San Agustin shantytown in Caracas on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
Luber Faneitte, a 56-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer, tidies the kitchen in her house in the San Agustin shantytown in Caracas on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
Luber Faneitte, a 56-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer, tidies the kitchen in her house in the San Agustin shantytown in Caracas on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
People queue outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
People queue outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
A man holds two bags of flour after queuing outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
A man holds two bags of flour after queuing outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic foodstuffs and household products on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
A woman holds her baby while queuing outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic food and household items on November 10, 2017. In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA
A woman holds her baby while queuing outside a supermarket in Caracas to buy basic food and household items on November 10, 2017.
In crisis-stricken Venezuela, the cost of the basic basket of goods soared to nearly 2.7 million bolivars in September, the equivalent of six minimum monthly wages. / AFP PHOTO / FEDERICO PARRA