El eclipse total de la superluna de sangre azul es seguido por millones de personas (FOTOS)

A "super blood blue moon" is seen during an eclipse, behind an office building in Hong Kong, China January 31, 2018.      REUTERS/Bobby Yip
La superluna de¨ sangre azul Hong Kong, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Bobby Yip

 

La luna se tiñó hoy de color rojizo debido a un eclipse lunar total que ocurrió además cuando el satélite se encuentra en el punto más cercano a la Tierra, un fenómeno seguido por millones de personas en medio mundo.

Esta jornada coincide además, en algunos lugares, con la segunda luna llena del mes, un triple evento que algunos han bautizado como el eclipse de la “superluna de sangre azul” y que se observa principalmente en Norteamérica, el Pacífico, Asia y Oceanía.





En España, así como en gran parte de Europa occidental, Sudamérica y África, no puede apreciarse prácticamente.

El eclipse total empezó a las 12.52 GMT, el momento culminante fue a las 13.29 GMT y acaba a las 14.07 GMT, según la Agencia Espacial Estadounidense (NASA).

“Increíble el #EclipseLunar, me imagino la gente de los siglos pasados tratando de explicar qué pasaba en el cielo”, escribió en Twitter Meli Lit.

Con las condiciones atmosféricas propicias, los interesados pudieron ver cómo la luna se tiñó de color cobrizo sin necesidad de usar gafas especiales, como en el caso de los eclipses solares.

Los eclipses lunares ocurren cuando la Tierra se encuentra entre el Sol y su satélite, lo que es visible desde los lugares donde la Luna esté sobre el horizonte en el momento del fenómeno.

Durante la totalidad, la luna entera se encuentra dentro del cono de sombra aunque no desaparece de vista, sino que adquiere una tonalidad rojiza, razón por la que algunos medios y en la redes sociales la hayan bautizado como “luna de sangre”.

Esto ocurre porque la Luna refleja la luz roja del Sol refractada por la atmósfera terrestre, que solo filtra los componentes azules.

El eclipse coincidió con una “superluna”, que es cuando el satélite terrestre se encuentra en su perigeo, cómo se denomina a su punto más cercano a la Tierra (apogeo es el más lejano).

Durante el perigeo, el diámetro del satélite puede aumentar hasta en un 14 por ciento, lo que no se distingue a simple vista, y también se incrementa su brillo.

El tercer fenómeno simultáneo en gran parte del planeta es que se trató de la segunda luna llena del mes -lo que en inglés llaman la “luna azul”, aunque no tenga nada que ver con ese color-, un fenómeno que ocurre de media cada 2,7 años.

La Nasa, que retransmitió el eclipse en directo en su página web, indicó que este año habrá otro eclipse total de Luna el próximo 27 de junio.

El astrofísico español Ángel López-Sánchez, del Observatorio Astronómico Australiano (AAO, siglas en inglés), explicó en un artículo en Naukas.com que el término “superluna” fue acuñado en 1979 por un astrólogo estadounidense llamado Richar Nolle.

Según López-Sánchez, que critica los superlativos para calificar a los fenómenos astronómicos, ese astrólogo “posiblemente” no conocía el término perigeo.

El concepto “luna azul” se refiere a cuando el satélite aparece de color azulado por humo o partículas en las atmósfera, pero también se utiliza para designar a la segunda luna llena del mes en el mundo anglosajón.

Esto se debe a un error cometido por el astrónomo aficionado James Hugh Pruett, que se confundió en la acepción del término en un artículo en la revista “Sky & Telescope” en 1945.

En países como India, Tailandia o en la isla indonesia de Bali, el eclipse de luna es explicado también como un fenómeno mitológico.

Según al mitología hindú, el dios Vishnu le cortó la cabeza a un asura o demonio, pero este no falleció porque había bebido del agua sagrada que otorgaba la inmortalidad.

Desde entonces, Rahu, la cabeza inmortal de este demonio, se venga cada cierto tiempo engullendo a la diosa luna, a la que culpa de su destino o de la que, según otras versiones, está enamorado. EFE

A full moon is seen during a lunar eclipse in Beijing, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Jason Lee
A full moon is seen during a lunar eclipse in Beijing, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Jason Lee
A "super blood blue moon" is seen during an eclipse, behind an office building in Hong Kong, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Bobby Yip
A “super blood blue moon” is seen during an eclipse, behind an office building in Hong Kong, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Bobby Yip
A "super blood blue moon" is seen during an eclipse, behind an office building in Hong Kong, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Bobby Yip
A “super blood blue moon” is seen during an eclipse, behind an office building in Hong Kong, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Bobby Yip
A "super blood blue moon" is seen during an eclipse, behind an office building in Hong Kong, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Bobby Yip
A “super blood blue moon” is seen during an eclipse, behind an office building in Hong Kong, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Bobby Yip
WU05. PEKÍN (CHINA), 31/01/2018.- Un hombre usa la cámara de su móvil para hacer una foto de la llamada superluna azul en Pekín, China, hoy, 31 de enero de 2018. Millones de personas aguardan hoy al eclipse total de la superluna azul, la segunda luna llena del mes y en su posición más cercana a la Tierra, fenómeno que se podrá ver principalmente desde Norteamérica, Asia y Oceanía. Siempre que las condiciones atmosféricas acompañen, los interesados podrán ver cómo la luna se tiñe de color rojizo sin necesidad de usar gafas especiales, como en el caso de los eclipses solares.
WU05. PEKÍN (CHINA), 31/01/2018.- Un hombre usa la cámara de su móvil para hacer una foto de la llamada superluna azul en Pekín, China, hoy, 31 de enero de 2018. Millones de personas aguardan hoy al eclipse total de la superluna azul, la segunda luna llena del mes y en su posición más cercana a la Tierra, fenómeno que se podrá ver principalmente desde Norteamérica, Asia y Oceanía. Siempre que las condiciones atmosféricas acompañen, los interesados podrán ver cómo la luna se tiñe de color rojizo sin necesidad de usar gafas especiales, como en el caso de los eclipses solares.
A full moon 'super moon' is seen behind a luminous sign in Siero, Spain, January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Eloy Alonso
A full moon ‘super moon’ is seen behind a luminous sign in Siero, Spain, January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Eloy Alonso
A full moon 'super moon' is seen through a luminous sign in Siero, Spain, January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Eloy Alonso
A full moon ‘super moon’ is seen through a luminous sign in Siero, Spain, January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Eloy Alonso
A full moon 'super moon' is seen through a luminous sign with the name of the region "Asturias" in Siero, Spain, January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Eloy Alonso
A full moon ‘super moon’ is seen through a luminous sign with the name of the region “Asturias” in Siero, Spain, January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Eloy Alonso
A full moon 'super moon' is seen above a luminous sign with the name of the region "Asturias" in Siero, Spain, January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Eloy Alonso
A full moon ‘super moon’ is seen above a luminous sign with the name of the region “Asturias” in Siero, Spain, January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Eloy Alonso
Jan 30, 2018; Senoia, GA, USA; Delta flight 1789 a MD-90 aircraft from Atlanta to Jacksonville transits across the super moon over the evening sky in Georgia. A rare celestial phenomenon when a super moon, blue moon and total lunar eclipse will take place at the same time in the early morning hours of Jan 31st. Mandatory Credit: John David Mercer-USA TODAY Sports TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
Jan 30, 2018; Senoia, GA, USA; Delta flight 1789 a MD-90 aircraft from Atlanta to Jacksonville transits across the super moon over the evening sky in Georgia. A rare celestial phenomenon when a super moon, blue moon and total lunar eclipse will take place at the same time in the early morning hours of Jan 31st. Mandatory Credit: John David Mercer-USA TODAY Sports TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
A blue moon rises through clouds in San Diego, California, U.S., January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Mike Blake
A blue moon rises through clouds in San Diego, California, U.S., January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Mike Blake
A blue moon rises over Balboa Park's California Tower in San Diego, California, U.S., January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Mike Blake
A blue moon rises over Balboa Park’s California Tower in San Diego, California, U.S., January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Mike Blake
A blue moon rises over Balboa Park's California Tower in San Diego, California, U.S., January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Mike Blake
A blue moon rises over Balboa Park’s California Tower in San Diego, California, U.S., January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Mike Blake
A blue moon rises over Balboa Park's California Tower in San Diego, California, U.S., January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Mike Blake
A blue moon rises over Balboa Park’s California Tower in San Diego, California, U.S., January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Mike Blake
A blue moon rises over Balboa Park's California Tower in San Diego, California, U.S., January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Mike Blake
A blue moon rises over Balboa Park’s California Tower in San Diego, California, U.S., January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Mike Blake
A full moon 'super moon' rises over Los Andes mountain range in Santiago, Chile, January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Pablo Sanhueza NO RESALES. NO ARCHIVES.
A full moon ‘super moon’ rises over Los Andes mountain range in Santiago, Chile, January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Pablo Sanhueza NO RESALES. NO ARCHIVES.
A full moon 'super moon' rises over Los Andes mountain range in Santiago, Chile, January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Pablo Sanhueza NO RESALES. NO ARCHIVES.
A full moon ‘super moon’ rises over Los Andes mountain range in Santiago, Chile, January 30, 2018. REUTERS/Pablo Sanhueza NO RESALES. NO ARCHIVES.
A full moon is seen behind the business tower Lakhta Centre, which is under construction in St. Petersburg, Russia January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Anton Vaganov
A full moon is seen behind the business tower Lakhta Centre, which is under construction in St. Petersburg, Russia January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Anton Vaganov
A full moon is seen behind the business tower Lakhta Centre, which is under construction in St. Petersburg, Russia January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Anton Vaganov TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
A full moon is seen behind the business tower Lakhta Centre, which is under construction in St. Petersburg, Russia January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Anton Vaganov TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
People set up telescopes on the waterfront for the super blue moon and eclipse in Hong Kong, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Bobby Yip
People set up telescopes on the waterfront for the super blue moon and eclipse in Hong Kong, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Bobby Yip
People set up telescopes in front of the financial Central district for the super blue moon and eclipse in Hong Kong, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Bobby Yip
People set up telescopes in front of the financial Central district for the super blue moon and eclipse in Hong Kong, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Bobby Yip
A man takes pictures of the super blue moon above the Forbidden City in Beijing, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Damir Sagolj
A man takes pictures of the super blue moon above the Forbidden City in Beijing, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Damir Sagolj
A security camera is seen in front of the super blue moon outside the Forbidden City in Beijing, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Damir Sagolj
A security camera is seen in front of the super blue moon outside the Forbidden City in Beijing, China January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Damir Sagolj
The super blue moon is seen between British and Chinese flags raised at Tiananmen square in Beijing as British Prime Minister Theresa May visit China's capital, January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Damir Sagolj
The super blue moon is seen between British and Chinese flags raised at Tiananmen square in Beijing as British Prime Minister Theresa May visit China’s capital, January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Damir Sagolj
The super blue moon is seen between British and Chinese flags raised at Tiananmen square in Beijing as British Prime Minister Theresa May visit China's capital, January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Damir Sagolj
The super blue moon is seen between British and Chinese flags raised at Tiananmen square in Beijing as British Prime Minister Theresa May visit China’s capital, January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Damir Sagolj
A man takes pictures of the super blue moon from just outside the Forbidden City in Beijing, China, January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Damir Sagolj
A man takes pictures of the super blue moon from just outside the Forbidden City in Beijing, China, January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Damir Sagolj
The super blue moon rises over Chinese signs reading "Beijing" atop a building in Beijing, China, January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Damir Sagolj
The super blue moon rises over Chinese signs reading “Beijing” atop a building in Beijing, China, January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Damir Sagolj
A full moon is seen during a lunar eclipse in Jakarta, Indonesia January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Darren Whiteside
A full moon is seen during a lunar eclipse in Jakarta, Indonesia January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Darren Whiteside
A full moon is seen before the start of a lunar eclipse in Jakarta, Indonesia January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Darren Whiteside
A full moon is seen before the start of a lunar eclipse in Jakarta, Indonesia January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Darren Whiteside
A "Super Blue Blood Moon" sets next to the Statue of Liberty as it is seen from Brooklyn, in New York, U.S., January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Eduardo Munoz
A “Super Blue Blood Moon” sets next to the Statue of Liberty as it is seen from Brooklyn, in New York, U.S., January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Eduardo Munoz
People take a look at the "Super Blue Blood Moon" as it sets next to the Statue of Liberty, seen from Brooklyn, New York, U.S., January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Eduardo Munoz
People take a look at the “Super Blue Blood Moon” as it sets next to the Statue of Liberty, seen from Brooklyn, New York, U.S., January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Eduardo Munoz
The super blue moon is seen between British and Chinese flags raised at Tiananmen square in Beijing as British Prime Minister Theresa May visit China's capital, January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Damir Sagolj TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
The super blue moon is seen between British and Chinese flags raised at Tiananmen square in Beijing as British Prime Minister Theresa May visit China’s capital, January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Damir Sagolj TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
The "Super Blue Blood Moon" sets behind the Staten Island Ferry, seen from Brooklyn, New York, U.S., January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Eduardo Munoz
The “Super Blue Blood Moon” sets behind the Staten Island Ferry, seen from Brooklyn, New York, U.S., January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Eduardo Munoz
People watch the "Super Blue Blood Moon" as it sets while it is seen from Brooklyn, in New York, U.S., January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Eduardo Munoz
People watch the “Super Blue Blood Moon” as it sets while it is seen from Brooklyn, in New York, U.S., January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Eduardo Munoz
The moon is seen during an eclipse, next to the Singapore Flyer observation wheel in Singapore, January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Edgar Su
The moon is seen during an eclipse, next to the Singapore Flyer observation wheel in Singapore, January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Edgar Su
The moon is seen during an eclipse, next to the Singapore Flyer observation wheel in Singapore, January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Edgar Su
The moon is seen during an eclipse, next to the Singapore Flyer observation wheel in Singapore, January 31, 2018. REUTERS/Edgar Su